Personal Pronouns, Possessive Pronouns, Reflexive Pronouns

Personal Pronouns, Possessive Pronouns, Reflexive Pronouns

Pronouns

In grammar, a pronoun is defined as a word or phrase that may be substituted for a noun or noun phrase, which once replaced, is known as the pronoun’s antecedent. How is this possible ? In a nutshell, it’s because pronouns can do everything that nouns can do. A pronoun can act as a subject, direct object, indirect object, object of the preposition, and more.

Without pronouns, we’d have to keep on repeating nouns, and that would make our speech and writing repetitive, not to mention cumbersome. Most pronouns are very short words. Examples include

Personal Pronouns

A pronoun is a word or form that we can use instead of a noun or noun phrase.

Personal pronouns are used to represent the number of people (I/we), gender (he/she), person(I/you) and case (we/us).

There are two types of personal pronouns : subject and object.

- Subject pronouns

Pronouns that are the subject of the sentence are called subject pronouns. These are

I           

- I love learning English!

You   

- You are my best student.

She           

- She has a nice voice.

He           

- He forgot his textbook.

It           

- It was on the table.

We           

- We have to leave soon.

They   

- They all cleaned up together.

- Object pronouns

Object pronouns are used when the person or thing is the object of the sentence or clause.

Me           

- Can they hear me ?

You   

- I will wait for you.

Her   

- What's wrong with her ?

Him   

- Mary said she wants to marry him.

It           

- Who broke it ?

Us           

- She will email us tomorrow.

You   

- Is anyone sitting next to you ?

Them      

- I will take them.

Possessive Pronouns

A pronoun is a word that replaces a noun in a sentence, making the subject a person 

or a thing. Possessive pronouns are pronouns that demonstrate ownerships.

Possessive Pronouns: Used in Sentences

Possessive pronouns include my, mine, our, ours, its, his, her, hers, their, theirs, 

your and yours - all words that demonstrate ownership.

Here are some examples of possessive pronouns used in sentences :

• The kids are yours and mine.
• The house is theirs and its paint is flaking.
• The money was really theirs for the taking.
• We shall finally have what is rightfully ours.
• Their mother gets along well with yours.
• What's mine is yours, my friend.
• The dog is mine.
• The cat is yours.
• The ring is hers.
• The bag is theirs.

Possessive Adjectives with Gerunds

One thing that can be confusing is the use of possessive adjectives with gerunds. 

Look at this sentence:

I couldn’t take him griping anymore.

What couldn’t I take anymore, “him” or the “griping”? The sentence is ambiguous. 

The correct way is to use a possessive pronoun. Here is the correct sentence:

I couldn’t take his griping anymore.

A few more examples like this are :

• Your taking the prize was a nice surprise.
• The children make their beds without my asking them to.
• Their singing inspired us.
• I so appreciated his helping out.
• Her coming to us was the right thing to do.
• I appreciate your understanding of the matter.
• I feel bad at his missing this opportunity.
• Their mocking of him was inappropriate.
• I loved listening to his singing.

these examples help to illustrate not only what possessive pronouns are but also how they can be use to make a sentences more clear.

Reflexive Pronouns

A reflexive pronoun is a type of pronoun that is preceded by the adverb, adjective, pronoun, or noun to which it refers, so long as that antecedent is located within the same clause.

In English grammar, a reflexive pronoun indicates that the person who is realizing the action of the verb is also the recipient of the action. While this might seem strange at first glance, the following examples of reflexive pronouns and the accompanying list of reflexive pronouns will help you gain thorough understanding. In fact, you will probably notice that you yourself use reflexive pronouns frequently when speaking or writing.

Examples of Reflexive Pronouns

In the following examples of reflexive pronouns, the reflexive pronoun in each sentence is italicized.

1. I was in a hurry, so I washed the car myself.
2. You’re going to have to drive yourself to school today.
3. He wanted to impress her, so he baked a cake himself.
4. Jennifer does chores herself because she doesn’t trust others to do them right.
5. That car is in a class all by itself.
6. We don’t have to go out; we can fix dinner ourselves.
7. You are too young to go out by yourselves.
8. The actors saved the local theatre money by making costumes themselves.

reference :

http://www.gingersoftware.com/content/grammar-rules/pronouns-2/

http://www.ecenglish.com/learnenglish/lessons/personal-pronouns-0

http://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-possessive-pronouns.html

http://www.gingersoftware.com/content/grammar-rules/reflexive-pronouns/

Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2

Prepositions "On," "At," and "In"

A preposition is a word that links a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase to some other part of the sentence. Prepositions can be tricky for English learners. There is no definite rule or formula for choosing a preposition. In the beginning stage of learning the language, you should try to identify a preposition when reading or listening in English and recognize its usage. A preposition is used to show direction, location, or time, or to introduce an object. Here are a few common prepositions and examples. On A. Used to express a surface of something: I put an egg on the kitchen table. The paper is on my desk. B. Used to specify days and dates: The garbage truck comes on Wednesdays. I was born on the 14th day of June in 1988. C. Used to indicate a device or machine, such as a phone or computer: He is on the phone right now. She has been on the computer since this morning. My favorite movie will be on TV tonight. D. Used to indicate a part of the body: The stick hit me on my shoulder. He kissed me on my cheek. I wear a ring on my finger. E. Used to indicate the state of something: Everything in this store is on sale. The building is on fire. At A. Used to point out specific time: I will meet you at 12 p.m. The bus will stop here at 5:45 p.m. B. Used to indicate a place: There is a party at the club house. There were hundreds of people at the park. We saw a baseball game at the stadium. C. Used to indicate an email address: Please email me at abc@defg.com. D. Used to indicate an activity: He laughed at my acting. I am good at drawing a portrait. In A. Used for unspecific times during a day, month, season, year: She always reads newspapers in the morning. In the summer, we have a rainy season for three weeks. The new semester will start in March. B. Used to indicate a location or place: She looked me directly in the eyes. I am currently staying in a hotel. My hometown is Los Angeles, which is in California. C. Used to indicate a shape, color, or size: This painting is mostly in blue. The students stood in a circle. This jacket comes in four different sizes. D. Used to express while doing something: In preparing for the final report, we revised the tone three times. A catch phrase needs to be impressive in marketing a product. E. Used to indicate a belief, opinion, interest, or feeling: I believe in the next life. We are not interested in gambling. Common Combination and Prepositions 1. Common Verb and Preposition Combinations Verbs and prepositions are also used in common phrases. The verb generally goes in front of the preposition. - Account for - to be the explanation or cause of something. The poor weather may have accounted for the small crowd. - Adapt to - to change something in order to make it suitable for a new use or situation. When you travel you have to adapt to the habits and customs of the country you visit. - Adhere to - to behave according to a particular law, rule, set of instructions. She adheres to teaching methods she learned over 30 years ago. - Agree on - to have the same opinion about something. They couldn’t agree on the subject of foreign policy. - Agree with - to have the same opinion as somebody. I don’t agree with a word you say. - Apologize for - to say that you are sorry for doing something wrong or causing a problem. I have to apologize for the way this room looks. I haven’t gotten around to cleaning it. - Approve of - to think that somebody/something is good, acceptable or suitable. She doesn’t approve of alcohol in any form. - Argue with - to disagree with a statement. He's a really successful man, you can't argue with that. - Ask about - to say or write something in the form of a question, in order to get information. He asked about her family. - Ask for - to say that you want to speak to somebody or be directed to a place. I asked for a quite room on the second floor of the hotel. - Correspond with - to be the same as or match something. This signature does not correspond with the one on his ID card. 2. Common Adjective and Preposition Combinations Adjectives and prepositions are commonly used in phrases. The adjective usually goes before the preposition. Here are a few of the common combinations of adjectives and prepositions in English: - Angry at - having strong feelings about something that you dislike very much or about an unfair situation. My mother is angry at me because I forgot her birthday. - Good at - able to do something well. Nick has always been good at finding cheap flights. - Capable of - having the ability or qualities necessary for doing something. He is capable of winning a gold medal. - Proud of - feeling pleased and satisfied about something that you own or have done, or are connected with. You practiced a lot and gave a great performance – I’m proud of you! - Afraid of - worried about what might happen. I started to feel afraid of going out alone at night. - Fond of - finding something pleasant or enjoyable, especially something you have liked or enjoyed for a long time. The kids are very fond of the puppy. - Full of - having or containing a large number or amount of something. The mall is always full of teenagers on the weekend. - Satisfied with - pleased because you have achieved something or because something that you wanted to happen has happened. I wasn’t satisfied with the customer service at the bank. - Busy with - having a lot to do. We’ve been working overtime lately because we’ve been busy with a new project. - Fed up with - bored or unhappy, especially with a situation that has continued for too long. People are fed up with all these traffic jams. noun + preposition 1. about + information     Where can I get information about anorexia nervosa?     (Dimana saya dapat memperoleh informasi tentang anorexia nervosa?) 2. for + admiration, advertisement, bid, cure,  reason, etc.     You don’t have a good reason for leaving your current job.     (Kamu tidak punya alasan yang bagus untuk meninggalkaan pekerjaanmu saat ini.) 3. from + excerpt     How do you cite an excerpt from a book?    (Bagaimana kamu mengutip suatu bagian kecil dari sebuah buku?) 4. of + address, awareness, cause, cost, danger, use, way, etc.     She asked many questions about the use of the microwave oven before buying it.     (Dia banyak mengajukan pertanyaan tentang penggunaan microwave oven tersebut sebelum membelinya.) 5. over + authority, control      The woman had no self-control over eating.     (Wanita tersebut dulunya tidak punya kontrol diri dalam hal makan.) http://www.talkenglish.com/grammar/prepositions-on-at-in.aspx http://www.english4dummies.com/verb-prepositions-combinations-list-with-examples/ http://www.englishpage.com/gerunds/adjective_prep_gerund_list.htm http://www.wordsmile.com/contoh-kalimat-noun-diikuti-preposition

Tugas Soft Skill Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2 
Dosen : Dea Adlina

Commonly Misused Words & Confusingly Related Words.

Commonly Misused Words.
adalah kata-kata yang pelafalannya (sound) sama namun artinya (meaning) berbeda.

Example
A. Your, You're :
       - Your sister is very beautifull.
         (saudaramu sangat cantik). determiner
       - You're the best friend that i ever had.
         (kamu teman terbaik yg saya pernah punya). pronoun + be

B. To, Too, Two :
       - It is the bad way to ask for help.
         (Itu cara yg buruk untuk meminta bantuan). preposition
       - He likes swimming too.
         (Dia suka berenang juga). adverb
       - Only two cheese cakes left.
         (Hanya dua kue keju tersisa). number

Confusingly Related Words.

adalah kata kerja yang saling berhubungan. Kata kerja ini mempunyai makna yang sama atau hampir sama tetapi penggunaannya berbeda.

A. Ride, Drive :

Ride dan Drive sama sama memiliki arti mengendarai. Namun penggunaannya berbeda. Ride berarti mengendarai dengan duduk diatasnya, misalnya sepeda, motor, kuda. 
Drive berarti mengendarai dengan duduk di dalam kendaraan tersebut, misalnya mobil, bus, dll.

Example.
       - I can’t ride bicycle or motorcycle.
         (aku tidak bisa mengendarai sepeda ataupun sepeda motor).
       - Can you drive a car ?
         (dapatkah kamu mengendarai mobil ?).

B. Chose, Select :

Chose dan select sama sama memiliki arti memilih, namun keduanya berbeda dengan penggunaannya.

   - Chose digunakan untuk memilih diantara dua hal.

   - Select digunakan untuk memilih diantara banyak hal.

Example.

       - Which want do you want to chose ? Orange juice or mango juice ?

         (Mana yang kamu pilih? Jus jeruk atau jus mangga ?).

       - I will select the comfortable chair.
         (Aku akan memilih tempat duduk tyang nyaman).

Sumber : 
http://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-contoh-kalimat-homophone-inggris               
http://english-problems.blogspot.co.id/2012/04/confusingly-related-verbs.html